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Why u so focused on that. It could be written t=y+y+y+y multiplication was used by my to make it shorter. Any product can be written as a sum. In bird thoughts: for one baby i need (1 and 1 and 1) worm, for two babies: ( 1 and 1 and 1) and ( 1 and 1 and 1). Again not saying that birds know how to use brackets, only used them to make it cleaner. I even included somehow, to indicate that they know something equal to our term x*y=t. Try to understand what I'm saying before talking back.
And no one knows that birds actually don't think. We dont know about how birds brain work. Some birds even create tools, our first trait that made us different right? Have you ever observed a raven? To me they look very intelligent. They even know when someone is raising a gun at them and fly away. If you take a stick looking like a rife and pretend to aim at them they wont fly.
I maybe written it too hard, i did not mean that the birds will actually count the worms they feed. They observe and notices 4 babies are less than 5. The point is not that they already had counted but got a feel for the volume of a set, a feel for <,> operators, which is the perquisite for counting. When they already know what > is its easy to teach 1<2 and 50>49. But teaching an animal to count which does not get the idea of "more than" seems impossible to me. Not selling this as truth, but my try of explanation why animals with human help can grasp numbers.