Find "Rose's door"
I mean this seriously, but figuratively.
In the movie, the floating door was how Rose survived. It was a literary device to allow a believable, yet unexpected way for her to live to tell her story.
Create "Rose's door" for your story. It could be a paddle, maybe some kind of semi-waterproof wrapping, a makeshift wetsuit, or even a buoyant bathtub. You might even survive by floating in your time machine itself.
Be creative and inventive.