The first problem with your idea is that at the beginning of the Homo Sapiens group of species, 200,000 would have been a large part of the total population.
Estimates suggest that 10,000 years ago the entire population was only 2 million.
Homo Sapiens started before that.
So removing 200,000 homo sapiens early on would have been close to devastating the population.
The second problem is that homo sapiens at that time, lacking any technology or support and placed into an alien ecosystem which they were not adapted to would be extremely vulnerable. It's unlikely they could survive either medically (any indigenous pathogen might be lethal to them) or simply as a matter of finding food they could eat.
Even if your aliens picked a planet "safe" for them (in itself a scenario that is unlikely to be practically possible) they would still be removed from their own environment - the one they were adapted to survive in, before they developed the technological and social skills required for such adaptation.
I'd be very skeptical they could survive at all.
It's impossible to say what their current social, biological and physical characteristics could be even if they survived. They'd probably be roughly the same shape and size and there's little time for evolutionary changes of a major kind to happen.
However to survive they'd probably have to develop an immune system that was targeted at different systems from ours. It's simply that their environment would throw different things at them.
As as side note I've speculated that the reason aliens don't contact or visit us is simply because for a less technologically advanced civilization all an alien culture can do for you is expose you to potentially deadly pathogens. So why your aliens would risk such a thing is, for me, a mystery.
At best I'd expect the 200,000 seed population to be reduced to a much smaller population very rapidly by pathogens. The survivors, who would have developed some immunity, might grow but the smaller the seed population, the less likely their continued survival and the smaller their current population would be.
As they're humans they'd be prone to the same problems we are : war, internal competition for scare resources, dispute and identification with sub-groups leading to conflict with other sub-groups. Assuming they could survive they'd probably have a smaller population than we do (say the tens of millions ballpark) and be at roughly the 4000 B.C. cultural/technological mark (based on the size of the starting population, time to develop and likely early loss due to pathogens).
The specifics of such a culture are impossible to even guesstimate.
