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This is a reality check about the organization of a specific branch of an armed forces, the army. As the parts interrelate, I didn't feel it was fitting to separate this into separate questions beyond separating the branch by itself.
This is a science fiction setting. Warfare is loosely inspired by that found during the second world war.
If you wish me to expand on any section, just request in a comment. I tried to carve it down as much as possible, so some details have been omited.
Important Technology Facts
Normally you're is limited to the speed of light, including communications. There is a faster-than-light alternative, but it's a logistical process to ship forces through it. Certainly not insurmountable, but it is a process. Getting a large force of troops from system A to B is measured in span of weeks to months due to the logistics. Communications can be prioritized (at clear, but not massive cost) to be transported between systems in days, but not hours.
The military's weapons are still physical in nature (bullets, torpedoes, artillery shells), but their enemies have advanced to more exotic weapons. Generally this allows this military to build up forces and supplies faster.
Large-scale warfare is driven largely by industrialization; technology level, strategy and tactics, etc, certainly still play their own roles, but he who masses the most troops to the location, most troops engaged (intelligently) and keeps the best supply lines holds the distinct advantage.
Biological Facts
The force described are human on almost every front except:
They biologically stop aging between their late 20s and early 30s (but continue to have lifespans similar to humans, as described in this question). This allows someone to be a 'career soldier.'
They have slightly hampered creativity, and have slight difficulty readjusting their mindset/plan when faced with different facts. This isn't drastic (nor universal; there's exceptions to every rule), but it's enough that they do make use of alien contractors to act as military advisors on all levels.
They are driven to be loyal and protective of their species on a biological level. A 'wolf pack' mentality that extends to their entire species. Things like spies or traitors are significantly less likely to be experienced by their collective culture. This doesn't stamp out individual views or political factions, however, but individuals will be far less emotionally polarized.
Cultural Facts
The society has what we would consider "traditional views on men and women's roles in society" however some women do serve. Often this is support roles (administrative, etc), but some serve in combat roles.
The society has a focus of self accomplishments, but also on contributing to the whole. They are a practically minded, salt-of-the-Earth people. Military service is held in very high regard. They do not think fondly of tyrants and warlords, but are very supportive of what they consider "justified warfare." (They're neither Genghis Khan nor American during the Vietnam War).
The government often, effectively, uses their military as a mercenary force; they maintain command of the troops, but wage war on behalf of smaller nations for a (enforced) monetary or political (such as a trade agreement) debt. Their citizens are supportive of this. Because of this the military is near constantly engaged in warfare; the nation hasn't seen a full year of peace for several centuries.
Army Description
The army is by far the largest branch of the military. It provides cavalry, infantry, planet-side air force, artillery, intelligence, and a variety of support functions.
The army in size peaks (during periods of intense warfare) at 125 million (including support personnel), making it a logistical nightmare to keep organized.
Army Officers
ADMINISTRATIVE
The Administrative level of the Army is focused primarily on logistics; getting troops and supplies where they need to go. This is everything from negotiating the manufacturing deals to training the troops to working with the other branches to ferry troops. Ultimately warfare needs overarching strategic decisions to be made, and the Administrative level deals with this.
Each administrative officer (full or lt.) has a small army of administrative staff reporting to them outside of the traditional command structure. These are tasked to organize information, make the appropriate connections, establish communication, and execute the officer's requests.
Administrative General - Collectively the Administrative Generals form the Council of the Army. They're overseen by the military's commander-in-chief, which is outside of the army. 1% - 20% of army reports to a given Administrative General. 5 - 15 Lt. Administrative Generals report to an Administrative General.
Lt. Administrative General - The Lt. Administrative Generals each command 5-15 High Generals each, and are the transition point between galactic-wide command and planet or continent engagement.
COMMAND
Command enters into what is considered a more traditional army structure.
All command officers have and 1-2 "Vice..." of their rank reporting to them. The Vices are something of apprentices, and are placed there to learn from their superior officer. They also act as the officer's right (or left) hand, and have defacto equivalent authority as their direct superior himself. This is done because the army places extreme importance on the quality of Command officers due to Command officers typically being isolated from Administration and because, honestly, due to their biology career officers are assumed.
A unique aspect the army are High Generals. Administration put an unprecedented amount of authority to High Generals. Administration will cut out the basic task or theater of operations that a High General is tasked with, and after that the Administration almost reports to the High General, aiming to get the High General the supplies and troops he needs to accomplish his goals.
Not only do High Generals go through the normal training and then rise the ranks, but after their apprenticeship as a Lt. High General, they return to main operations to go through an additional 4 year training program/training simulation under the guidance of retired High Generals. Becoming a High General is typically seen as the peak of an officer's career.
The force (composition and size) that reports to a High General varies greatly, depending on his personal preference and the nature of his theater of engagement/war. Most High Generals have some troops that progress through the normal progression, but have smaller side groups (of a variety of sizes) serving directly under the High General.
- High General (0.01% - 0.8% army; Typically range between 100,000 - 1,000,000 men, some special cases have fewer than 100,000
- General (army assign)
- Lt. General (corp)
- Major General (division)
- Colonel (brigade)
- Major (battalion)
ENLISTED
The final division of officers, Enlisted do not have vices that report to them. Enlisted officers are similar in nature to the enlisted officers of modern militaries.
- Captain (company)
- Second Captain
- Third Captain
- Lieutenant (platoon)
- Second Lieutenant
- Third Lieutenant
- Sergeant (squad)
- Second Sergeant
- Third Sergeant
Division of Forces
- High General’s Command - Extremely varied, no set formula, no standard.
- Army Assign - 2 - 5 corps; 42,000 - 225,000 men, typically ~100,000
- Corp - 2 - 5 divisions; 12,000 - 60,000 soldiers, typically ~30,000
- Division - 2 - 4 brigades; 4,000 - 16,000 soldiers, typically ~8,500
- Brigade - 2 - 5 battalions; 1,300 - 5,000 soldiers, typically ~2,800
- Battalion - 4 - 6 companies; 500 - 1200 soldiers, typically ~800
- Company - 3 - 5 platoons; 90 - 250 soldiers, typically ~160
- Platoon - 2 - 6 squads; 18 - 65 soldiers, typically ~40
- Squad - 8 - 12 soldiers, typically 10
Are there any flaws or indicators of poor structure in this design?