TL;DR
No way for them to survive totally alone. If they import their own tools, they will last until they break. Otherwise, they won't be able to even build their houses.
Well, there are already a lot of people living there, even if they do not live an entire year or so. They are mainly there for scientific purposes like Keri Nelson, so sustaining there as humans is widely possible.
Considering eskimoes ... I guess they could. Igloos are excellent at keeping warm air inside, and fishing should not be a problem, as they already fish in sub-zero conditions. Hunting penguins and predators should also be in their skill range, but I keep asking myself ...
Where would they find flammable materials ? Or more importantly ...
Where would they find wood ?
I guess this would be the top lacking resource. They could melt ice to get water, sleep in a warm place, wash themselves (rough tho), but they would need some beginning materials to do so. Maybe from crashed ships or something, but to start a fire (and heat up), they need flammable materials. I don't know a lot about Antarctica, but I think it would not be wood-proficient, considering temperatures, climate and environment.
In the same way, to hunt, build and fish, they would need tools. Tools that you could craft with wood, or iron. To build igloos, you need to cut hard snow into block, and I do not think they could to it bare-handed.
According to CoolAntacrtica.com:
Antarctica has no trees or bushes at all, vegetation is limited to about 350 species of mostly lichens, mosses, and algae.
So no, without any help and all alone, they won't be able to live, nor survive a few days. They could take their own tools, but they'll eventually break some day.
NB: some people have already discussed the manner, so you can check how does real eskimoes survive without wood or fire.