a scratch... to kill someone in seconds.
Here's the main problem: if I scratch your little toe and introduce enough super-potent neurotoxin to guarantee your demise, it'll take more than a few seconds for it to reach the bits of your body that make you go (eg. heart, brain) and so there's literally no way to guarantee that even the nastiest toxin can slay you in an instant.
In order to guarantee that sort of thing, I need to make sure the poison gets in to some suitably large bit of plumbing which will take it to where it needs to go as quickly as possible. Here comes problem number two: if I've just stabbed you in your femoral artery or carotid or wherever, there's a good chance you'll drop dead in the very near future regardless of how toxic my weapon was, because all your blood will fall out.
For a real world example, consider the neuroparalytic suxamethonium, used in medical procedures (which can kill by paralysing the lungs). Can take effect in 30 seconds following intraveinous delivery, but can take ten to thirty minutes if delivered intramuscularly.
What seems fractionally more plausible is a combination of an incapacitating chemical and some strong neurotoxin. Bullet ant stings are famously extremely painful, though there's generally not enough toxin to actually kill a human-sized victim. Similarly, stings from things like the Arizona bark scorpion produce immediate pain that spreads and has additional neurotoxic effects that can be incapacitating (though generally not lethal, given the amounts involved in a scorpion sting).
Rendering an opponent unable to fight effectively isn't quite what you want, but the effect is pretty similar and it gives time for more lethal neurotoxic effects to arise and finish them off.
analyzing the DNA of various poisonous animals and plants, and being able to 'manufacture' whatever poison he wants
As a footnote, consider that many potent natural toxins (eg. anatoxin, a cyanobacterial neurotoxin that can potentially kill in a minute if injected) are non-ribosomal peptides. That means you can't trivially determine their structure just by frowning at DNA real hard... you need to work out that the DNA produces specialised synthesases which then manufacture the poison. Being able to determine all of the potential second- and higher-order chemicals that DNA could produce, and being able to synthesize any of those chemicals at will, and deciding the best thing to do is to poison knives and stick them in people seems like a bit of a waste of talent, to say the least. Parallels can be drawn with the classic spiderman panel, where the villain Sauron explains he doesn't want to cure cancer with his superpowers, he just wants to turn people into dinosaurs.
If nothing else, your guy can make good money synthesizing botulinum toxin... that stuff is worth something like a million dollars per milligram (you generally only need sub-nanogram quantities for medical and cosmetic procedures). Why fight when you can make bank?