The world I am designing has successfully survived the event of the almost complete depletion of natural oil reserves. By "successfully" I mean that cities are densely populated, the stock market is operational, and many countries managed to prevent anarchy. But as one might guess, the transition was very far from smooth, many critical actions had been made, including large-scale coal burning for energy generation, which resulted in the rapid acceleration of global warming.
Stratospheric aerosol injections are a temporary solution for some symptoms of global warming. The following picture from Wikipedia gives a good summary of this process.
An important detail that is left out by this picture is that the injection is most effective if performed along the equator.
I am interested in the view from the deck of a ship that tries to hide from satellites under thick clouds that are, hopefully, created during this process.
I know that there is a process called "marine cloud brightening" that literally creates clouds above the ocean, but, as I understand, it only helps a little to fight climate change. It can't fully mitigate the acceleration of global warming that my world is going through.
EDIT:
Removed subquestions.