I should note that having the minimum required is a bad idea. If one disease or disaster wipes out a particular plant then you are in serious trouble.
Really you want at least 2 plant species providing for each requirement, which will also help make the diet more varied and interesting.
You should not overlook the humble potatoes:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato#Nutrition
Other good choices include:
Barley. From your list above this is an excellent choice.
Beans. Black, Red and Soy beans are all excellent sources of calcium and iron. They can also be dried for long term storage.
Berries. Pretty much all non-poisonous berries are packed full of goodness.
Cantaloupe. An excellent source of vitamins A and C and potassium. It's a slightly upgraded banana which would also be a good choice.
Kale. Particularly rich in vitamins, minerals and fiber. Other cabbage varieties are also strong contenders.
You should look at some of the research that's been done on subsistence diets and on space exploration. Space Exploration is considering genetically engineering the crops though.