Before Mohammed founded the Islam religion, the weak and religiously divided Arabian tribes fought each other on the Arabian Peninsula in the shadow of the powerful Byzantine Empire. Without Islam becoming the common religion of the region, this would have been going on and on until they were assimilated by the Byzantine Empire. So the Osman Empire would have never existed and Byzantine Empire would have remained a strong superpower.
Could this result in a more peaceful future? Or the opposite, with wars between the Catholic and Orthodox empires, leading to a conflict similar to the Christian-Islamic one? What might be the result of this alternative history?
Note: I asked this question on the History stack, but was advised to ask it here since alt history is off-topic there.