I'm trying to figure out how weather scales with planet size, keeping other factors constant. For a specific example, say a planet with the following characteristics:
- Twice the radius of Earth.
- Rotates every 24 hours. (So the linear velocity of rotation is doubled, but the angular velocity is unchanged.)
- Gravity is 1g (achieved by some means out of the scope of this question).
- All other characteristics like atmospheric composition are the same as Earth.
How do, say, hurricanes on this planet compare to terrestrial hurricanes? They are affected by Coriolis force, which depends on angular distance, which requires twice the linear distance for the same angular distance, but is also fed by twice the linear rotational velocity.
Are they the same absolute size? Are they the same angular size (so twice the absolute size)? Or does some nonlinear scaling factor apply?
What about thunderstorms, tornadoes, blizzards and suchlike? Do common factors apply to all of them, or are there specific factors to take into account depending on the type of weather?