So in ordinary people, the formation of gender occurs in the hippocampus and hypothalamus in the second month of the embryo's life, after which the initial orientation is stable. If there is a desire to increase differentiation or create ambiguity, you need to start in utero. In the first eight weeks of pregnancy, leave the Müller and Wolf ducts active, where the bipotential gonads are still located. Anti-Müllerian hormones, which are activated by genes on the Y chromosomes, can only be allowed into one of the Müllerian ducts. The result is usually ipsilateral, both ovaries suppress the development of the Müllerian duct each only on their side, as a result of which further, XY embryos need a moderate intensification of androgenic function, produced in the fourth week, in order to avoid masculinization of the hypothalamus, which is responsible for sexual differences. XX embryos require the application of androgens in one Müllerian duct to stimulate the growth of the Wolffian duct. As the Wolf's duct develops, the Müllerian duct on this side will undergo apoptosis. The basic genetic structure determines the difference between hermaphroditism and gynandromorphism, often not recognizable by external features. XX people with conserved Wolffian ducts are gynadromorphs, and XY people with conserved Müllerian ducts are hermaphrodites. In both cases, androgens and estrogens are used together with hormonal supplements, the child is born with the potential for the development of both sexes, and the body is waiting for a choice.
Gynandromorphs can usually only conceive daughters, since the creation of a Y chromosome based on an X chromosome seems to be problematic. In women, functional male fertility is enhanced by imitation of the natural deficiency of 5-alpha reductase.
According to the plot of my story, my superhumans are asexual creatures capable of producing offspring (all the same genera) on their own, without the help of another partner.
Asexual reproduction is characterized by the fact that the offspring arises from one organism and inherits the genes of the parent. It does not include gamete fusion and the number of chromosomes does not change.
Asexual reproduction does not need a mate for reproduction. This characteristic is beneficial when new areas are colonized, as only one parent is needed. However, since the characteristics and traits of one parent are passed on to their offspring, asexual reproduction interferes with the genetic diversity of all their generations, making the offspring exactly identical, like a clone.
Which is not very good.
According to the latest research, all people are 99.9% identical. No matter where you come from, Ulaanbaatar or Nairobi, your genetic code is strikingly similar to that of any other inhabitant of the Earth. Therefore, I wondered if there could be some genetic mechanism to increase genetic diversity that randomly recaptures this 0.1% of our genome, which makes ours different from each other?