Because you want a similar temperature and climate to Earth's, your new planet would have to be at approximately the same distance from its sun as Earth is, assuming both solar systems have similar-sized suns.
For Earth's mean temperature of $15^{\circ}\mathrm C$, the planet would have to be about 1 AU from its sun.

For your planet to possess seasons and be similar in climate to Earth, it would need the same axial tilt, which is responsible for Earth's seasons. Earth's axial tilt is about $23.45$ degrees, your planet's would have to be similar for similar seasons.
Your planet would also need the same day-length so that each part of it will receive the same warming from the sun per day. If the day were longer, your planet might become a bit desert-like, very hot in the day, and freezing at night. That doesn't sound promising for life.
However, for a massive planet to possess a 24 hour day, the surface would have to be moving much, much faster than Earth's:
Earth's diameter is $12,756$ km, so has a radius of $6,378$ km.
Your new planet's radius is 10x larger, so would be $63,780$ km. That means your planet has a circumference of $2 \cdot 63,780\pi$ km, approximately equal to $400,742$ km.
For your planet to have a $24$ hour day, the surface would have to spin at $\frac{400742}{24}$ km/h, about $16,698$ km/h, which is pretty fast. (Earth's spin is only $1,673$ km/h.)
Your planet would be rotating at about
$$
16,698~\mathrm{km/h}
$$
which is pretty darn fast!

Honestly, I was half-hoping that speed of this planet's rotation might be nearer Jupiter's $45,061$ km/h, so that I could talk about extreme weather patterns and phenomena such as the Great Red Spot.
Apparently your planet will not be subject to anything near as powerful as Jupiter's hurricanes, but your planet's spin is definitely fast enough to increase the strength of - and therefore devastation caused by - any of its storms.
Also, your planet's spin is still slow enough to lead to similar weather systems as on Earth, where winds are constrained to a hemisphere, and Jet Streams will become possible, which will help regulate your planet's climate and keep it more consistent with Earth's.

However, we have yet to face the biggest problem imposed by a massive planet: keeping gravity somewhat similar to Earth's.
This is nigh impossible, as we will see after we calculate what density our planet would need:
Earth's density is $5,540$ kg/m3, and it's volume $1.08321×10^{21}$ m3.
Your planet's radius is 10x larger, therefore its volume must be 103x larger. This means that your planet's volume is $1.08321×10^{24}$ m3.
Usually, for two objects to have the same gravity, their masses must be the same, but the inverse square law also states gravitational attraction to be inversely proportional to the square of the distance between two objects.
Because your planet is 10x larger, anyone on the surface will be 10x further away from its center than they would be from Earth's center on its surface. Using this equality, we can calculate the necessary mass of your planet:
$$
\mathrm g = \frac{G\cdot M}{r^2}
$$
Where $\mathrm g$ represents the accelration due to gravity ($\mathrm{m/s^2}$), $G$ the gravitational constant (6.673×10-11 N·(m/kg)2), $M$ the mass of our planet and $r$ the radius of our planet.
We can now rearrange and solve for $M$:
$$
M = \frac{\mathrm g r^2}{G} \\~\\
M = \frac{9.8 \times 63780000^2}{6.673 \times 10^{-11}}\\~\\
M \approx 5.974 \times 10^{26}
$$
So, our planet's mass would have to be approximately $5.974 \times 10^{26}$ kg, which looks about right; Earth's mass is about $5.972 \times 10^{24}$ kg, and, for the same gravity, we'd expect our planet to be 100x heavier, which it is! Of course, we are suffering rounding inaccuracies, but so far, so good.
Now, we can calculate our planet's target density, using the equality that
$$
p = \mathrm{M/V}
$$
where $p$ represents density, $\mathrm M$ mass and $\mathrm V$ volume, we see that:
$$
p = \frac{5.974×10^{26}}{1.08321×10^{24}}
$$
so therefore the planet's density must be $551.5$ kg/m3 if you want the same attraction under gravity.
Saturn is the least-dense planet in our solar system, with a density of $687$ kg/m3. However, Saturn is a gas giant, composed mainly of Hydrogen and Helium: good luck mining for minerals in a cloud of Hydrogen!

Your planet would need a density of $551.5$ kg/m3, 100 kg/m3 less than Saturn's!
So, it should be fairly obvious that you will never be able to get exactly the same surface gravity as you do on Earth, but fauna would be able to exist under different gravitational conditions, and, what's more, higher gravity means more pressure, which means minerals will form more readily!
There could be some special minerals which only form within the crust of this planet because of its strong gravity, making the planet more valuable!

However, to enable humans to land on this planet, it will be almost impossible to get the gravity weak enough (have you thought of using exoskeletons for manned missions on this planet?); the planet would have to be as sparse as possible.

If your planet was composed almost entirely of some really porous Vesicular rock, almost like a sponge, it would definitely keep down the density.
The same process which forms such rock could also create massive air-pockets, creating a cavernous planet with many underground tunnels and caves on the same scale as Erebor!
A cavernous planet, made of porous rock, would remain reasonably sparse.
The crust of the planet should be as thick as possible, because a molten mantle and solid core would be more dense than this spacious, cavernous crust. This crust would also need constant renewal, so that collapses don't bring up the density, and to remain, again, more similar to earth.
However, tectonic activity would have to be minimal, to prevent metamorphic and denser igneous rocks being formed, so volcanoes would be necessary to keep rejuvenating the surface. Underground lava-flows might be commonplace, where it is still hot enough so that the lava cools slowly into some porous rock. Think about how awesome that could be; a massive, underground cave system where magma seeps up through the floors forming puddles of fiery lava!
The one thing we can't change is the presence of a solid, dense core; this is because a nickel/iron core is necessary for a magnetic field, which would protect the planet as the Earth is.

The geomagnetic field would protect the planet from solar winds, thus retaining the Atmosphere and ozone layer, protecting inhabitants from radiation which would otherwise be harmful. Also, an atmosphere is generally a handy thing to have if you want life to live on a planet!
A magnetic field is necessary to protect the planet like earth, so a dense core is also necessary.
We can actually calculate the density, and therefore acceleration due to gravity, of our planet:
Of course, our planet, possessing a molten mantle, liquid seas, and solid core, would likely be slightly more dense than Pumice (a Vesicular rock), but let's just say that Pumice is the most common rock on our planet, and everything else has a similar density.
The density of Pumice is $641 \mathrm{kg/m^3}$, so our planet's density would also be about $641 \mathrm{kg/m^3}$.
The volume of our planet is $\frac43 \pi r^3$, about $1.08321×10^{24}$ m3.
Now, using our planet's assumed density and volume, we can plug the values into our density equation:
$$
p = \mathrm{M/V} \\~\\
641 = \frac{\mathrm M}{1.08321×10^{24}}
$$
Rearranging, we get
$$
\mathrm M = 641 \times 1.08321×10^{24}
$$
which is approximately equal to $6.94 \times 10^{26}$ kg. Our planet is pretty heavy!
Using this equation (same as before)
$$
\mathrm g = \frac{G\cdot M}{r^2}
$$
we can solve for $\mathrm g$, the planet's gravitational acceleration:
$$
\mathrm g = \frac{(6.673 \times 10^{-11}) \times (6.94 \times 10^{26})}{63780000^2}
$$
which is approximately $11.38 \mathrm{m/s^2}$.
Wait, only $11.38$? That's just $1.16$ Earths! I'm in luck!
Well, no, not really, not unless you make some other changes as well: the actual density of your planet would be much greater, as a large proportion of the planet would probably be magma (density: $3100$ kg/m3), and, if the planet is like Earth, a lot of the surface would have to be water (density: $1000$ kg/m3); the planet's mean density would obviously be above Pumice's $641$ kg/m3.

However, if you discover some way of limiting the density of your planet's magma, this would no longer be an obstacle to your 1 Earth goal!
Maybe the magma is filled with air, think of carbonated water, a similar process could have trapped and compressed air within the magma of your planet.

This idea also makes the Vesicular-rock-only surface more likely, as when the lava is released through fissures in the crust (think Volcanoes, etc.), the trapped air within the lava will expand, creating air bubbles. This is like getting the bends when re-surfacing from a deep dive: as pressure is released, compressed nitrogen within one's blood quickly expands into bubbles.
And my magma density figures were based on basalt; vesicular lava would have a lower density.
Earth-like gravity still not too far-fetched an idea.
Anyway, that exoskeleton idea still seems pretty cool to me.
