This is actually far easier than it seems.
The fertile crescent (a rather small patch of land centered around two close rivers) is the origin of 8 major crops, Emmer and einkorn wheat, barley, peas, chickpeas, lentils, vetch, and flax (which is fiber and food) and at least 4 major forms of livestock, goats, sheep, cattle and pigs, as well figs and several other possibles.
This is not unique, it appears many places where agriculture originated (such as southern asia and central china) involved many local species being domesticated as time progresses.
What all these places appear to share in common is many different climates/environments (mountains, valleys, forest, grassland) packed together adjacent to large rivers surrounded by large flood plains. This combined with great access to larger land masses seems to encourage both self-pollinating R strategist plants (which most of our crops are), and flexibility in diet, habitat, and mating for animals (which again is common to all domesticated livestock). this is not to say this is the only place they can evolve but these conditions encourage many species to have these adaptations.
The current hypothesis/understanding is these conditions produce lots of local variation and a climate that shifts around easily yet still has high fertility, this discourages specialization and encouraging more flexibility and R strategy. They are also the sources of high yield grains which most major forms of agriculture are based on.
so basically you need a large temperate floodplain bordered by mountains and desert, ideally attached to large continents for biodiversity.