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My main character, and two other people are transported to a graveyard that they can’t escape from, at least not yet. No food was transported with them, but they do have these items
They are getting hungry, and so decide to eat the freshest corpses there, and they find one that was just buried an hour ago. My question is: would there be any health effects from their little “Corpse Cookout”?
The bodies are buried traditionally.
The Bodies Are Toxic
I am not sure what you mean by a "traditional" burial since the definition of a traditional burial varies from region to region. Within the USA and western Europe embalming is our traditional practice prior to burial. Embalmed bodies are pumped full of highly toxic chemicals prior to being interred within a cemetery and would not be remotely close to edible, no matter how recently buried. In addition when people die within even moderately developed nations they are typically doing so in a hospital and under heavy medication when they pass, there is a very real risk of exposure to substances like Fentanyl, chemo-therapy drugs, radioactive isotopes, heavy metals, and a host of other things you don't want to be eating.
For your story to make sense you will need to be in a graveyard in an undeveloped nation where embalming does not occur and people are not seeing a doctor when they become terminally ill or critically injured. Its a bit of an industry secret that these "peaceful deaths" you hear about from old age in a hospital bed are greatly assisted by massive doses of some really high grade dope. Grandma passed so peacefully because she was tripping out of her mind on barely safe levels of Fentanyl, industrial strength muscle relaxers, and heavy opiates. So yeah, a 3rd world nation is where you want to dig up and eat your recently buried corpses because you DO NOT Want to eat that. (Any more than one would ever want to eat another human.)
Assuming you have located a non-embalmed and non-medicated corpse then your biggest risk is that you could potentially catch whatever infectious disease the person may have died from, the next biggest danger is food poisoning since you are eating meat that was not ever intended for consumption and thus has not been stored or prepared properly. Intestinal parasites are also a very possible risk.
As a Matter of Fact, You Can Survive in a Cemetery!
Definitely don't eat the corpses, but...
You carry a blunt, heavy metal object. Cemeteries, especially in relatively urban areas, are frequented by mourners and kin. There was just a funeral an hour ago at the cemetery you're stranded in...
First order of business will be to stalk the place an keep on the lookout for a likely victim. Sneak up behind and while they're tidying the flowers on their loved one's grave, cosh the poor bugger with your nail puller. Make sure no one sees you when you do this!
Drag your fresh meat to some secluded place, like behind or between a couple of the big mausolems in an older part of the cemetery. Set your grill between the mausoleums and wait for dusk. Light a small fire there and grill away to your heart's content!
Be sure to clean up after yourself! Basic hygiene and all that: wash your hands at one of the water pumps after butchering & cooking and after disposing of the left-over inedible bits.
Be sure to hide away any valuables, money and good clothing for when you find a way to escape!
As humans are at the top of the food chain, they're toxic wherever you are in the world: full of pesticides, disease, parasites, embalming chemicals, ... so that method of feeding is out of the question. (They died, they weren't slaughtered and kept in a fridge!)
However you wouldn't die of starvation as there are lots of flowers, shrubs and other sorts of greenery which is perfect food for rabbits! In rural areas, graveyards are full of them at night!
If you don't believe me, drive to your local graveyard tonight, turn off the lights of your car, and look! Lots of yummy bunnies, and if you drop the barbecue grill form your story line, still creepy to:
Note 1. Alternatively, drive to the local graveyard, hide behind a grave and spend the night there: do some empirical research and add the research to the foreword of your story! >:-)
Note 2: You could get around this problem by locating your graveyard in the middle of a desert...
Some flowers found on graves such as roses would be edible as would some plants like nettles.
You'd start with that before contemplating eating corpses.
Water would be a bigger issue unless there is a fountain or a tap around there.
If I was stranded in a cemetery and looking for food, I'll probably start with dandelion (provided it hasn't been sprayed), but it's not tasty enough, is it?
Dig up a corpse, put it on display, kill and cook whatever scavenger comes to eat it. It would probably help if your cemetery has a tower of silence (raised structure where bodies are laid exposed to air to be devoured by carrion birds; part of Zoroastrian burial practice, among others), but I guess you cannot count on it. In north America or Europe, your characters will probably eat crows.
Vultures and Hyenas are endangered species, so make sure your characters pay due respect and help wildlife preservation after they are out of danger.
