What we can say that there is plenty.
The basic Chemistry for forming life means that on a basic level, sugars always form before amino acids.
So let’s imagine a planet where there is a: very little nitrogen gas, b: primal ammonia is absent, c: not enough hydrogen found in atmosphere, or d: have a temperature high enough to turn amino acids into tar.
What you get from this conditions are mostly saccirides, or basically sugars, and some other things like fatty acids. And a lot of different aromatics, nucleobases and so on.
What you get is an RNA world where things like ribosomes never formed.
Sugars and aromatics have different stereoisomers, and the one thing that makes sugar special is that different stereoisomers form hydrogen bonds differently: an OH group that is above the sugar ring can only form a hydrogen bond with a carbonyl group on an aldehyde that is under the ring, and an OH group on a phenol can only form a hydrogen bond with an aldehyde or quinone but not a carboxylic acid, etc.
Binding phosphate you get rna, nucleobase or naphthalene or sugars attached to some other sugar bound by phosphodiester bonds, which can be made into different configurations by base paring or the alternatives of base paring, replica table by the same process.
The thing that rna can do, is that they are both carrier of information and catalyst of biological processes: an alcohol dehydrogenase ribozyme that uses zinc and NADH is not so different than it’s protein counterpart, a rna polymerase ribozyme works similiarily with the real thing and the ribosome itself is also a ribozyme.
Now, phosphate have 3 bonds to it, and only two are used in the actual process of rna polymerization. The third bond is empty, and can therefore be decorated by a variety of primary alcohols and amines, forming the necessary catalytic parts of the ribozyme, potentially reaching far more diversity than any amino acid protein scheme, simply by being much easier to synthesize or produce. Phosphate can also form hydrogen bonds with itself, bond metals and do a variety of things.
If the RNA world is left to evolve, potentialy making synthetic reactions before the ribosome can be made(which is a very narrow time scale), you would almost never get proteins to form, as the newly started compound synthesis quickly consumes any leftover primordial organic material and flushes the world with more hydrocarbons and saccirides.
These ribozymes could evolve further, using tRNA or equivalent to decorate the phosphate backbone of rna(think of how ribosomes on earth works), therefore making an extremely large and diverse family of molecules:
Bistable configurations that acts as switches and motors (proteins can’t do this), long hydrophobic sidechains that works like membranes (proteins can’t do this, again) and most importantly, the separation of form and function: decorated sidechains can be swapped out, forming multuple different enzymes while the rna sequence remains the same: when proteins have to reinvent the mill, ribozymes can just change tool tips.
There also exists a protein alternative: decorated polysaccharides, or enzymes made out of wood. Like peptides in proteins, saccirides are also stereochemically active, decoratable up to 3 positions on each ring by esterification or etherification by primary alcohols or carboxilic acids, can be linked in a way that encourage folding, and lastly, form complex internal hydrogen bond networks that stabilizes the complex and makes the polysaccharide structure both sophisticated and highly predictable: No more messing around with protein folding or thermodynamic minimums, just use dynamics.
Such biosphere would be alien to earth life: there would be no cells, as in a RNA world everything is done by the same molecule: rna forms the genetic material of living things, rna forms the machines that keeps them running, rna forms the part of the lifeforms that captures energy for it’s function, and rna will also form the structural elements, shells and skeletons of the lifeforms.
One added benefit of such arrangement is also that, unlike earth life, an advanced rna based organism can really evolve: there is an nearly infinite amount of possible molecular arrangements that are linked smoothly together by evolutionary bridges, unlike the tiny islands where proteins and earth life can almost never jump between. Biotechnology would be simple, as the computational complexity of predicting a dynamic based system like rna or polysaccharides is N^2 instead of the k^N of most thermodynamic based system like proteins. Which means rna life can be all crazy about how to make different usable stuff, directly out of their biology.
While earth life still struggle to make a few improvements with their flesh, trying hard to squeeze out the last bits of performance from their unpredictable and computationally costly proteins, lifeforms such like the prior mentionaned rna or sugar based life already has a 3D printer built into their bodies, by just choosing a simpler basic rule when they first came into being.
This is how being "penny wise and pound foolish" is spelled in biology.
Reference:
DNA origami and future nanotechnology
RNA world hypothesis