KidneyEDIT: as BrianDHall said kidney transplants.. are not quite as doable as I thought.those may However, many other surgeries would be doableplausible, though less effective, If a surgeon trained in the older surgery techniques were sent back. Surgery is more about knowing the body and how it works, it is less dependent on specialized tools (relatively speaking!!). The biggest issue would be lack of proper anesthesia and sanitation. Still, these would only lower success ratelimited ability for sanitation (basic boiled water can be used, but it's not remove it. If you take someone trained in the old-fashioned plan-old-scalpel method of kidney donation and you put him with people who were going to die SOON withoutsame as a kidneyproper sterile operation enviroment), and a bunchlack of cadavers..well he wouldn't see the success rates we see today, butdrugs to control infection and/or body immune response(though as I said a few peoplebasic antibiotic could theoretically be saved. In fact many surgeries are similar,created in a few people trained in the older fashioned (non robotyears, non-sensor assistedpenicillin was just moldy bread after all!) surgery could do most of them. Their success rates would be much This means a lower due to the lacksuccess rate of proper sanitationsurgeries, it's hard to get a real clean-room inbut if it was life or death then a castle. Lacksurgery with risk of anesthesia can lead to shock andinfection is still better then death! Which surgeries are possible and which aren't really comes down to rather they needed specialized drugs pre or post operation, butand how hard it wasn't until sadly very recently that we usedis to operate on a patient that is not under anesthesia on infants (they actually thoughtie that newborns couldn't feel anything), andcould move while there were more lives lost due to shock most still came out fineyour doing a percise cut) I would assume. I admit I'm less knowledgeable in this area.