Ropes
You can build "physical telegraph" with manned relay stations a kilometer or two apart from each other using cables or hawsers. On one side a man plus a lever, on the other side a bell rings or some semaphore changes its state.
There even were even pilot (and not only pilot) projects of such kindkinds of communications, but the optical telegraph appeared to be better.
Weather interference is overrated - in most cases you just need to wait less then half an hour for "peak" to pass and then you can continue transmission. And if you couldn't - you have some other things to worry about, like werewhere your roof is going to land?!