I am going to post this question in general terms, but resemblance with our Earth is totally intentional - to the level that I am tagging this question alternate-world, so if unsure, assume the behavior and technology level of Earth, in the current day:
We have two factions: Red and Blue. And they basically hate each other. For three reasons:
- Racial: Blue people have blue skin and Red people have red skin. And obviously they both think that their skin color is the best.
- Religious: Both Blue and Red religions claim to be The One religion and also that the other religion "is holding it wrong." (pun intended)
- Cultural: Reds are generally open minded omnivores, while Blues are conservative and strictly vegan.
Side note: Both Reds and Blues are members of same species, so they only differ by skin color.
The Reds and Blues were living next to each other at least for 200 years, not trading, having local fights and both preaching hatred towards each other.
One day, the Reds decided to attack the Blues. And they won. Well, on paper. Blue Town was conquered, the blue leader killed. We are one big Red country now. Officially.
But if you look at the setup, one thing is obvious: there will always be a group of Terrorists (or Rebels, if you take the Blue side) who will try to get their country back.
We are now 20 years past when Blue Town was conquered. People are still getting killed in various terrorist attacks and Red secret agency tells us that if we do not change something, there are people willing to sacrifice their lives.
A new Red leader was elected yesterday. And she is wanting and willing to change things, but with one exception: She still wants to have one big Red country, preferably indefinitely, but say at least for the next 200 years.
What specific steps does she need to take in order to achieve this and keep everyone happy?
Edit: Yes, it does feel like I want to get Nobel Peace prize for solving the Middle East. And basically, my question actually is "how to solve Middle East?". But I did not want to make such general statements (as I did in this question) about the situation in Middle East.